The world of ICT is all around us. From the mobile phones in our hands, to the invisible signals powering our homes with Wi-Fi. However, the terminology used within this industry can be seen as quite intimidating so we’re going to break down some of the more common Telco and ICT terms.
What’s the difference between Telecoms and ICT?
Telecommunications, or telecoms, refers to the electronic transmission of various types of information, such as phone calls, SMS’s (text messages), videos etc., over large distances.
ICT is much broader term. It stands for Information Communication Technology and telecoms falls within this industry as well as software, networks, digital services, cloud computing, data analytics, cyber-security and so on.
Some basic terms everyone should know.
1. Bandwidth
This refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network at a given time. It is measured in bits per second, megabits per second or gigabits per second. More bandwidth = faster internet.
2. Broadband
High-speed internet access like fiber, wireless and mobile data connections.
3. 5G
The fifth generation of mobile networks which is much faster, responsive and reliable than the previous generation, 4G. This has made the internet much faster and more reliable. It’s also made real-time applications like self-driving cars and remote surgery possible.
4. Fiber Optic
A type of internet connection that sends data as light signals through thin glass fibers to deliver extremely fast internet speeds with low latency.
5. Latency
This refers to the delay that occurs in the time that it takes to request something on the internet and getting a response to that request. In simply terms low latency means less lag, improving video calls, online gaming etc.
6. Cloud Computing
Using the internet to store and manage data rather than using a local computers or hardware.
7. IoT (Internet of Things)
Devices that are all connected to the internet that are able to share data with each other. These are things like; smart lightbulbs, smart watches, smart vacuum cleaners.
8. Edge Computing
Processing data closer to where it’s created rather than sending it to a cloud data centre. This reduces delay and improves performance.
9. Open RAN
A change in the way that mobile networks are built. Rather than relying on one service provider, Open RAN makes it possible to bring components from different service providers together. It reduces costs and increases flexibility.
10. API (Application Programming Interface)
A set of rules makes it possible for different software systems to exchange data with one another.
Some common questions about Telecoms & the ICT industry.
Q1: Why are Telcos moving into tech?
A: Traditional telecoms products like phone contracts, data and minutes don’t have high margins so Telco’s are expanding their offering into cloud products, cyber-security etc. to increase their revenue and to become more tech-driven.
Q2: What is the digital divide?
A: This refers to the digital gap between those that have access to a reliable internet connection and digital tools and those who don’t have any access at all. Many ICT organisations are working on closing this gap.
Q3: Why does my internet slow down sometimes?
A: There are many causes such as; network congestion, poor signal strength, outdated equipment or high latency.
Q4: What role does ICT play in daily life?
A: ICT is the backbone of modern life. It supports everything from online banking, remote work, video calls and cloud storage to education and healthcare.
